U.S. spot Bitcoin ETFs charge annual fees ranging from 0.15% to 1.50%, with Grayscale's GBTC the most expensive and BlackRock's IBIT among the cheaper options; over ten years these fees can compound to over $14,000 and significantly affect returns. Tracking error adds hidden costs that can exceed stated fees, while ETFs offer tax advantages and convenience compared to self custody, which has no ongoing fees but carries risks and one-time costs. Institutional investors favor ETFs like IBIT for liquidity and brand trust, and ongoing fee competition may drive costs lower in the future.
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